Estudio de los esfuerzos de Coulomb en la secuencia de eventos sísmicos de Puerto Gaitán (Meta), Colombia
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El municipio de Puerto Gaitán en el departamento del Meta, Colombia, desde el 2013 ha presentado un aumento en el número de sismos. Hay evidencia de que los grandes sismos pueden inhibir o promover el fallamiento en áreas cercanas a ellos y que hay una dependencia temporal en la sismicidad observada mediante la transferencia de esfuerzo de Coulomb. En este trabajo se analizó el cambio en el esfuerzo de Coulomb para el área de Puerto Gaitán, mostrando que la dirección de movimiento que maximiza la variación de esfuerzo y promueve la sismicidad es coherente con la dirección de un mecanismo de rumbo. También se realizó una correlación espacio-temporal para eventos con Mw
Resumen
The town of Puerto Gaitán in the department of Meta, Colombia, has presented an increase in the number of earthquakes since 2013. There is evidence that large earthquakes can inhibit or promote faulting in their vicinity and that there is a temporal dependence on the seismicity observed through the transfer of Coulomb stress. In this paper the change in Coulomb stress was analyzed for the area of Puerto Gaitán, showing that the direction of movement that maximizes the variation of stress and promotes seismicity is consistent with the 'strike-slip' direction. A time-space correlation was also made for events with Mw < 3.5, and parameters were given in time and distance to check if they are aftershocks of the main events with Mw ? 3.5. Also the earthquakes that occurred after 5, 10 and 15 days of each main earthquake were searched. Aditionally, the events with a source located at a distance of less than 10 km from the main earthquake were identified. It was found that there are few aftershocks in the blue lobes (negative changes in the Coulomb stress), and instead, most of these aftershocks are located in the red lobes (positive changes in the Coulomb stress), where seismicity is favored. Also, it is observed that most of the aftershocks found in the red lobes are part of those that occurred 5 days after the main earthquake